Subluminal
velocity is a relative quantity. That is, frames can exist to explain relative
object movement. But there was no any preferred frame from which superluminal
speed can be explained. In this paper, a single frame is suggested from which
both subluminal and superluminal speeds can be explained. This frame is considered
to be placed in ‘Invisible space (i-space)’. Unlike 3D space, it is assumed
that i-space can bear objects with superluminal speeds. Both Special Relativity
[1] and Faster Than Light concept are explained together from the view of
i-space.
Website: http://www.arjonline.org/physical-sciences/american-research-journal-of-physics/
The
test was based on the validation of an algebraic equality relating a set of
measured frequencies, and deduced from the relativistic Doppler equations. In
this study, it was shown that this algebraic equality, used as a validation
criterion, did not uniquely imply the validity of the relativistic Doppler
equations. In fact, using an approach in line with the referenced study, it was
revealed that an infinite number of frequency shift equations would satisfy the
employed validation criterion. Nonetheless, it was shown that even if that
claim was hypothetically accepted, then the experiment would prove nothing but
a contradiction in the Special Relativity prediction. In fact, it was clearly
demonstrated that the relativistic blue shift was the consequence of a time
contraction, determined via the light speed postulate, leading to the
relativistic Doppler formula in the case of an approaching light source. The
experiment would then be confirming a relativistic time contraction. It was
also shown that the classical relativity resulted in perceived time alterations
leading to the classical Doppler Effect equations. The “referenced study”
result could be attributed to the classical Doppler shift within 10 %
difference.
Website: http://www.arjonline.org/physical-sciences/american-research-journal-of-physics/
Variational principle
of the density matrices is used in the framework of the mean field method for
research of systems of valence electrons in metals. We obtained the model
Hamiltonian describing the behavior of interacting electrons, which describes
all the properties of superconductors. Note that was using the Coulomb
potential that acts between two electrons in the coordinate space.
Website: http://www.arjonline.org/physical-sciences/american-research-journal-of-physics/
The specific activity
of soil samples ranged from 16.21 to 38.83 Bq/kg with an average of value of
32.52±6.48 Bq/kg, 8.53 to 28.37 Bq/kg with an average of 20.30±5.36 Bq/kg,
236.03 to 613.11 Bq/kg with an average of 378.93± 123.29Bq/kg, and 2.18 to
17.92 Bq/kg with an average of 8.17± 5.55 Bq/kg for 226Ra, 232Th, 40K and 137Cs
respectively. The study also examine some radiation hazard indices such as
Radium equivalent activity (Raeq), Absorbed gamma dose rate (D), External
hazard index (Hex), Internal hazard index (Hin) and gamma index (Iγ). These
calculated hazard indices to estimate the potential radiological health risk in
soil. The radium equivalent activity average (Raeq) was less than the permitted
value (370 Bq/kg). The average absorbed dose rate value also less than the
permissible limit of 55 nGy/h. The external hazard index, internal hazard index
and gamma index of soil samples were less than unity.
Website: http://www.arjonline.org/physical-sciences/american-research-journal-of-physics/
A rigorous study of
germanium oxide nano-particle synthesis is done by hydrothermal method. An
optimum synthesis condition to obtain the stable and ultra-small size as of 10
nm of the material is determined by characterizing the prepared samples with
X-Ray diffraction pattern analysis and TEM. The sample with smallest particle
size is also characterized with HRTEM, PL and FTIR spectroscopy. The
characterization results are analyzed accordingly. The most remarkable feature
of the ultra small sized sample as observed is the current-voltage
characteristic, which has been explained with oxygen vacancy phenomenon.
Website: http://www.arjonline.org/physical-sciences/american-research-journal-of-physics/
The need of extending
the theory of relativity has led M.Tailherer to the hypothesis of a new
fundamental equation and constant, embodying in a unique wave equation for the
graviton the link between gradient of curvature and deformation of metric. As
direct continuation of a preceding work, here a new assessment of the constant
S in the Vortex Theory of gravitation is given in a more direct approach than
1st approximation yielding S =(2.5±1.2)E-19 m-1. Issues are concerned fitting
by Maple four binary systems data, also allowing to assign a meaningful
inertial mass to the graviton (5.5±2.6)E-61 Kg confirming known heuristic
bounding. In Appendix an easy way of getting the vortex’s gradient formula is
shown along with the whole action of the model and the description of the tide
effect on a test mass with respect to a x polarized gravitational wave in the
case of an asymmetric source.
Website: http://www.arjonline.org/physical-sciences/american-research-journal-of-physics/
It is shown that a
special case of a system of this kind in the form of a charged spherical shell
with powerful excess charge may exhibit violent such oscillations, effectively
freezing it from expansion and thus in principle showing a counter-intuitive
stability, albeit presumably short-lived. This effect may possibly have a
bearing on, e g, some types of ball lightning observations, and is here also
discussed in relation to the virial theorem, which traditionally is considered
to exclude stable, localised electromagnetic configurations of this type. The
oscillation frequency obtained for confinement of the type discussed in the
article agrees well with what has been shown in laboratory experiments using
microwaves to produce stationary luminous plasmoids in test tubes.
Website: http://www.arjonline.org/physical-sciences/american-research-journal-of-physics/
